"Colds are one of the few diseases you can actually give people" without violating ethical rules, Dr. Cohen said.
However, it did not find that Mulcahy had violated ethical rules and did not call for his resignation.
The ad hoc group concluded he had violated ethical rules and the terms of his own contract.
The journal retracted the study in February after the medical council in London concluded in January that Dr. Wakefield had been dishonest and that he had violated ethical rules.
While Christian Embassy has hosted prayer meetings at the Pentagon for years, the inspector general concluded that the officers' endorsement of its activities -- while in uniform, showing their rank and in the halls of the Pentagon -- violated ethical rules.
Vincent K. Brooks and Robert L. Caslen Jr. were singled out for failing to seek appropriate approval to participate in the video and for violating ethical rules by appearing in uniform while praising the religious group.
A state panel has found that the mayor of Linden, N.J., violated ethical rules for local officials by using his influence, if not his votes, to advance a waterfront trash transfer station in which his son-in-law had a financial interest.
In a statement last week, the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC) in Beijing said the trial, which finished 4 years ago but was only published in August, violated ethical rules.
Brian Marsden, director of the center, agreed that Ortiz and his team appeared to have violated ethical rules on crediting the work of other researchers.
In this case, the Nigerian families charge that Pfizer has violated ethical research rules, including the Nuremberg Code of 1947.
You may even violate ethical or legal obligations to customers.
