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I found a significantly lower vigilance rate and nearest neighbor distance after inducing competition.
Correlations between vigilance rate (number of scans during 1 min of foraging), nearest neighbor distance and flock size existed before the experimental treatment but afterwards the correlation between vigilance and nearest neighbor distance faded.
The indirect, but not direct risk, significantly (p = 0.008, η = 0.089) explained variation in vigilance rate.
As weavers foraged farther from cover, they increased their vigilance rate.
For vigilance rate, there was no significant interaction (p = 0.263, η = 0.058) between direct and indirect risk.
After visually examining our data, we elected to focus our formal analyses on foraging rate and vigilance rate, because previous studies have demonstrated that these behaviors are sensitive to variation in predation risk (Slotow and Rothstein 1995b; Slotow and Coumi 2000).
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No significant effect of either indirect risk or food at the 15-m plate was found for vigilance rates (Fig. 3b).
For example, female European rabbits increased their vigilance (scanning rates), especially during late pregnancy, to deter attacks by potential predators [ 34].
We measure simple RTs to auditory stimuli, in a high signal rate vigilance design, to examine the possibility that simple RT may be used as a tool to study mechanisms of temporal summation at absolute threshold.
Both vigilance and feeding rates varied seasonally, as did food quantity and quality and group size.
In seasonally driven landscapes, it is not yet clear what the primary drivers are that shape seasonal variation in vigilance and feeding rates.
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