Females awakened stronger activities of facial currogator (frowning) and zygomatic (smiling) muscles when viewing angry and happy faces, respectively, than males [42].
This interpretation is motivated by neuroimaging studies showing that S carriers have greater activation of the amygdala, a brain nucleus associated with fear and anxiety, than L/L homozygotes when viewing angry faces [7], [8].
One study reported reduced functional coupling between amygdala and OFC when viewing angry faces in patients with IED and BPD relative to healthy control subjects (18,26).
A significant group × sex interaction emerged for fear while viewing angry faces [F 2, 93) = 3.79, p = 0.03], however none of the pairwise comparisons were statistically significant.
In particular, we hypothesized that the negative change in connectivity previously detected between the amygdala and vACC (31), when viewing angry vs. neutral faces, would be altered (reduced or reverted) by ATD.
Of note, these were the only two regions in the whole brain showing a change in connectivity with the right amygdala as a function of viewing angry faces and ATD.
Specifically, DCM explains the activity of groups of regions in terms of 1) "driving" inputs (here, processing a face, regardless of the expression) directly triggering the response in one or more areas of the network; 2) a psychological context (here, viewing angry vs. neutral faces) acting on "intrinsic" (anatomic) pathways and changing the pattern of functional connectivity between regions (62).
When I look back on it, I was the one who was angry and the people I met were more like the Slightly Cross Brigade.' The Trotskyist groups of the period always viewed the Angry Brigade with suspicion and the hostility among veterans is as strong as ever.
Many had viewed the angry battles over appeals court nominees as a warm-up for a Supreme Court confirmation fight.
The weight of being viewed as angry, often by white women, has prevented us from demanding an equal seat at the policymaking table.
