Identical vibratory stimuli were given to the same tendon site, but the illusions were evenly attenuated irrespective of the viewed velocity of wrist motion under the INCONG condition (Fig. 1 b ).
Using tissue Doppler imaging from an apical 4-chamber view, the velocity of the septal and lateral mitral annulus E′ waves was measured (E′lateral and E′medial), and E′median (average between E′lateral and E′medial), E/E′lateral, E/E′medial and E/E′median ratios were calculated.
Left atrial longitudinal strain and strain rate will be similarly obtained in 2 annular and 2 mid segments of the apical 4- and 2-chamber views using velocity vector imaging (VVI; syngo Velocity Vector Imaging technology, Siemens Medical Solutions, Ultrasound Division, Mountain View, California).
Longitudinal function was assessed using pulsed TDI at mitral annulus, placing the sample volume in the basal segment of the interventricular septum (IVS) from the apical 4-chamber view; peak velocities in systole (Sm), early (Em) and late (Am) diastole were measured.
From a video of this movement, taken from the side-view, we determined position and velocity of the particle.
On the color M-mode echocardiography in the apical four-chamber view, flow propagation velocity (FPV) was measured as the slope of the first color aliasing velocity from the mitral annulus in early diastole to 4 cm distally into the LV capacity (13).
From a security point of view, position and velocity have to be known with a high level of confidence in order, for example, to avoid vehicle collision.
This is one of the first studies of wave dispersion examined not from the classical ultrasonics point of view of phase velocity dependence on frequency but from the AE view, where specific waveform parameters are of interest.
The reactions can be interrupted by road signs (new in the view area), with velocity far away from the given value.
