Conversely, TNF-α promoted further eRNA release especially under hypoxia, thereby feeding a vicious cell damaging cycle during IRI with the massive production of oxygen radicals, mitochondrial damage, decrease in antioxidant enzymes, and decline of cardiomyocyte functions (unpublished data).
This vicious cycle damages cells in the pancreas that produce insulin, and diabetes can set in.
But malnutrition and infection can become a vicious cycle, with damage to the intestine disrupting the ability to absorb food and also allowing bacteria to leak into the bloodstream and cause severe illness.
However, there also seems to be increased XO activity in the failing myocardium, perhaps due to hypoxia and apoptosis, resulting in accumulation of uric acid precursors (hypoxanthine and xanathine) and XO-induced production of ROS, causing a vicious cycle of damage [ 43].
Thus, we suggest that the immunomodulatory effect seen after cell administration could break a vicious cycle between ischemic damage and the inflammatory response.
It is now understood that a common pathophysiology drives the diabetic state throughout its natural history and across its varied clinical presentations, a pathophysiology involving metabolic insults, oxidative damage, and vicious cycles that aggravate and intensify organ dysfunction and damage.
WASHINGTON ― President Donald J. Trump will be in Houston on Tuesday; one vicious hurricane surveying the damage of another.
Therefore, defects in complex I may help perpetuate a vicious cycle of oxidative damage.
A vicious circle of continuous damage and inadequate repair develops, leading to disc degeneration rather than healing.
Oxidative stress and a subsequent vicious cycle of hepatocyte damage, apoptosis, and cellular replenishment were shown to contribute to liver tumorigenesis.
