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Higher stirring rates were not used because the microdrop was spattered on the vial wall and damaged.
The vial wall (in grey) had a thickness of 0.65 mm and was polyethylene with density 0.9 g/mL.
The higher energy α-particles from 213Po showed a little more energy transfer to the vial wall; 97.2 % was absorbed in 10 μL and 99.2 % in 800 μL.
Thus, two simplified models, that allow for analytical solution, have been developed: both models assume pseudo-stationary conditions because of the slow dynamics of the process, but while the first does not take into consideration the heat balance at the vial wall, this is explicitly considered in the second model.
A detailed mono-dimensional model taking into account mass and energy balances in the dried layer and at the sublimating interface, energy balance in the frozen layer and along the vial wall is set up; the mathematical model is validated using experimental data obtained in a pilot scale freeze-dryer, pointing out that the role of the glass wall can be relevant on the dynamics of the process.
In the z-y view the solid appears to be separating from the vial wall.
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Furthermore, loss of free metal ions by binding to vial walls has been reported (Landeen et al. 1989).
A 3-compartment model was developed to describe CsA exchange between cell medium, cells and vial walls [ 5].
To the glass vials containing the dried lipids, 550 μL PBS was added and subsequently sonicated to remove lipids from the glass vial walls.
Modeling was done into two steps: (i) Modeling the in vitro pharmacokinetics (PK) of CsA (exchange between cells, medium and vial walls) with a minimal distribution model.
In vitro pharmacokinetic data on CsA exchange between cells, culture medium and vial walls, and data on the time course of omics markers in response to CsA exposure were reasonably well fitted with a coupled PK-systems biology model.
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