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Second, the bacterial particles were multiplied by a viable fraction of 4.7×10−4 while viral particles were multiplied by an estimated viable fraction of 5.9×10−5 to obtain biological particle counts per cubic meter, respectively (see Table 1, Case A, row c) [35].
If we assume that 6 CFU represent 6 particles in the 2 4 micron range based on data from the Duguid sneeze study [35], and that one sneeze approximates 3.56 liters of air in one second, then this would suggest that the viable fraction of infectious bacteria per sneeze is 8.1×10-6.
However, we also found a deeply quiescent and viable fraction of cells that were marked by p21HIGH levels and prolonged H2B-GFP label retention.
For example, if the mutation rate per unit time is U i for gene i (U is the total genomic rate and U i = p iU) and the lethal fraction within that gene is L i, the viable fraction of genomes viable (V) under a Poisson model is V = ∏ i e − U i L i or log (V ) = − ∑ i U i L i = − U ∑ i p i L i = − U L ¯, (3)where ∑ i p i = 1.
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The quantitative autoradiography technique is suitable for investigating the most poorly perfused and the most well perfused viable fractions of animal tumours which may limit the efficacy of different types of therapy.
The biomass reduction is, in this case, probably related to the decrease on the viable cell fraction of the biofilms.
This is less than the viable fractions used to compute the total number of collectable viable particles in Table 1, row e.
10.7554/eLife.02630.023 Figure 5. Increased aneuploidy amongst viable Sk/Sp gametes is recombination-independent. (A ) We calculated both viable spore yield (viable spores/cell) as well as the fraction of viable spores that are aneuploid or diploid ('Materials and methods').
To distinguish between these possibilities, we calculated the frequency of aneuploids and diploids produced per meiosis in hybrids and pure species controls by multiplying the viable spore yield (viable spores produced per cell induced to undergo meiosis) by the fraction of viable spores that were aneuploid or diploid (i.e., aneuploids or diploids per viable spore).
Flow cytometry analysis of viable HRT-18 cells (EpCAM positive/Annexin negative ) revealed that the fraction of viable tumor cells significantly increased in ascites samples with high concentrations of sEpCAM and after addition of recombinant EpEX.
60 Clonogenic assay analysis revealed impressive potency of the recombinant vector complexed with iNOS pDNA, with a viable surviving fraction only of 0.4% of control after transfection of ZR-75-1.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com