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Furthermore, there is a general lack of understanding of the nature and relevance of pathogen and sediment association and the risks of infection due to exposure of people to the pathogens mobilised from sediments, as well as pathogen viability, transport, and fate within aquatic systems (Droppo et al. 2009).
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The electrical parameters; transepithelial resistance (TER), short-circuit current (SCC) and transepithelial potential (TEP) were measured every 5 min throughout the experimental period (150 min) as a continuous monitoring of preparation viability, transporting functions and integrity.
It is also unclear whether virus internalization by higher trophic-level organisms has a protective or a detrimental effect on virus viability and transport in pond systems.
Biopsy specimens were stored on ice in high-potassium cardioplegic solution (5% glucose, 68.6 mM mannitol, 12.5 meq potassium chloride, 12.5 meq sodium bicarbonate, 10 units/mL heparin) to maintain tissue viability during transport.
(Some isolates lost viability during transport to the central laboratory).
Number of cells recovered after thawing was included to assess viability after transport.
It is possible that a portion of the pollen grains lost viability during transport.
The sample was screened using a 250 μm-mesh Nitex sieve to remove large zooplankton, and diluted with seawater to enhance viability during transport.
Lower densities obviously use more land, but they also increase infrastructure and energy costs, reduce the viability of public transport, and encourage greater reliance on private cars.
Adsorption on colloidal particles is one of the environmental processes affecting fate, transport, viability or reproducibility of viruses.
Rail crude oil shipments have witnessed a steady increase over the past decade, which underscore the long-term viability of this transport mode.
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