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"The history of psychology is littered with fruitless debates that hinged on unverifiable claims about the nature of mental events, particularly those that are only accessible via introspection," Stephen Kosslyn, a professor of psychology at Harvard, wrote in an e-mail message.
Knowing pure mathematics and knowing mental states via introspection are examples.
In other words, the sense-impressions posited via this route are arrived at by acceptance of a theory (inference to the best explanation) and not via introspection.
That is, if all of these states were attentively before the mind when one held a justified belief, then those states would then be accessible via introspection.
On one version of this view, phenomenal concepts are just indexical concepts applied to phenomenal states via introspection (see Lycan 1996).
Of course, the first- and third-person perspectives differ in terms of the evidence available for determining how an agent perceives a decision problem, not least evidence obtained via introspection.
Similar(51)
Rosenfeld, A. & Ullman, S. Visual Concept Recognition and Localization via Iterative Introspection.
2016. A. Rosenfeld and Ullman, S., "Visual Concept Recognition and Localization via Iterative Introspection.
This reasoning motivates his disjunctive account of knowing what it is like: "S knows what it is like to undergo experience E iff either S now has indexical knowledge-that with respect to E obtained via current introspection or S has the Lewis abilities with respect to E" (Tye 2000).
You'll feel better about yourself without actually doing anything to make you a better person, which is faster and easier than attempting to get to the root of your problems via tedious introspection.
The focus of the special, as its title implies, is at once inward and backward: introspection via retrospection.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com