Exact(8)
In these models, the first parameter represents the stiffness of vertical springs, as in the Winkler model, and the second parameter was introduced to account for the coupling effect between vertical springs.
Nearly vertical springs illustrate the potential of the technology for applications which require non-circular shapes and extreme heights.
In this case, the stiffness of the vertical springs when all the fasteners are in perfect conditions is k v_spring = 2.3962×10−2 kN/mm.
The soil foundation system is replaced by a nonlinear rotational spring, accompanied by a linear rotational dashpot, and linear horizontal and vertical springs and dashpots.
The hardening nonlinearity is achieved by placing horizontal springs onto the suspended and intermediate masses, which are supported by vertical springs.
Additional to vertical springs, horizontal springs cover contact of foundation and soil by friction and its coefficient μ. Figure 4 shows the principle exemplified by a linear spring's stiffness with initial slip without bedding.
Similar(52)
The isolator consists of two oblique springs and one vertical spring to achieve quasi-zero stiffness at the equilibrium position.
In this paper, a simple system comprising a vertical spring acting in parallel with two oblique springs is studied.
The isolator comprises a vertical spring and two oblique springs that are either linear, linear with pre-stress or softening nonlinear with pre-stress.
An approximate expression of the magnet repulsive force is proposed and a unique analytical relationship between the stiffness of vertical spring and initial gap settings of the magnet springs is derived for the QZS system.
The research reported here deals with the non-linear vibration and the static and flutter instabilities of a uniform beam that is elastically supported by a horizontal and vertical spring at each of the two ends of the member.
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