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Exact(31)
At the wall edges or crossings, confining columns for vertical reinforcement are built with vertically perforated units.
No vertical reinforcement was provided.
This problem can be solved by installing vertical reinforcement.
On the other hand, horizontal web reinforcement should be accompanied with vertical reinforcement.
The proposed calibrated model accounts for the influence of inelastic buckling of vertical reinforcement and interaction of stiffness of horizontal ties reinforcement with vertical reinforcement.
The specimens were designed based on Chinese code for design of concrete structures GB 50010-2010, which specified minimum horizontal and vertical reinforcement ratios of 0.25% in web, and vertical reinforcement ratio of 1.0% in boundary element.
Similar(29)
Flanges may aggravate the concrete crushing, spalling as well as buckling and fracture of vertical reinforcements.
Finally, the combination of horizontal and vertical reinforcements is shown to enhance the flexural and shear behaviour of masonry beams.
The first one takes into account the whole of material in its thickness thus integrating the characteristics of the layers and the vertical reinforcements.
The specimens were built with industrialized R-ICF panels in which vertical reinforcements are provided in the panels at the time of fabrication.
Strain gauges were attached to the diagonal, horizontal, and vertical reinforcements to measure the deformation and yielding period of the reinforcements.
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