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Quantitative measurements of infectious microbe emission and exposure are extremely limited, so the parameterization and verification of exposure models are difficult.
Interestingly, Dietrich himself coauthored a semistatic study on snails (Czech et al. 2001) with several shortcomings: they used no analytical verification of exposure concentrations, no replicates, and inconsistent group size.
Case control studies have suggested an association of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) with agricultural dust exposure, and specifically with animal dust/vegetable dust, but these studies have involved multiple associations without verification of exposure (Baumgartner et al. 2000).
The recent Cochrane 2006 review of programs to reduce children's exposure to SHS [ 4] stated "We take biological verification of exposure to or absorption of ETS [Environmental Tobacco Smoke] as the "gold standard", and recommended the use of hair nicotine for estimation of long-term exposure.
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Patients were retrospectively identified from an audit database of hip fractures at our institution between April 2008 and April 2010 with verification of clopidogrel exposure from electronic discharge summaries detailing medication history.
Nevertheless, monitoring of urinary arsenic species by using the percentage change of monomethylarsonic acid in total urinary inorganic arsenic metabolites as an indicator for the verification of arsenic exposure is helpful and appropriate in such cases.
Prospective cohort study design (REPRO_PL cohort) enables identification of variety of exposures that may influence children's neurodevelopment, verification of such exposures by biomarker measurements, and notification of any changes in exposure levels.
Until there is an independent verification of the DEMS exposure results, the DEMS E-R results should be considered unreliable and inconclusive.
This can be accomplished in terms of statistical verification of a significant slope in a linear approximation of exposure vs. response.
Strengths of the present study include the verification of DES exposure status by medical record and the determination of exposure status before reporting of birth outcomes, both of which reduce the potential for differential misclassification of exposure.
Conjectures of the potential for increased under- or over-estimation of exposure and for increased misclassification at higher concentration needs verification.
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