For decades, film was used as a powerful two-dimensional (2D) dosimetry tool for radiotherapy treatment verification and quality assurance.
However, RT planning, delivery, treatment verification and quality assurance (QA) have evolved significantly over the last 15 years and clinical trial protocols must reflect these developments.
Data verification and quality assurance were undertaken through standard data entry checks, double entry, and internal and external consistency checks.
As described earlier (Twardella et al, 2003), all patients received a common breast irradiation treatment with conformal tangential irradiation with lateral and medial wedge fields, including CT-based planning, simulation, verification, and quality assurance.
As previously described [ 16], all patients received standard breast irradiation treatments, including computed tomography based planning, simulation, verification, and quality assurance, with conformal tangential irradiation with lateral and medial wedge fields.
It also includes: quality assurance, verification and validation, and the activities of the NAFEMS/FENET project.
Displacing state employees at a higher cost Cognizant is handling critical implementation responsibilities such as quality assurance; verification and validation tasks; building and maintaining the MMIS (which is currently done by qualified state employees).
This includes quality assurance, design verification and performance assessment purposes for battery manufacturers, validation purposes for battery users, and battery behavioural research purposes for engineers developing behavioural prediction algorithms.
Like IMRT, IGRT is a process involving all steps in the radiotherapy treatment process, including patient immobilization, computed tomogaphy (CT) simulation, treatment planning, plan verification, patient setup verification and correction, delivery, and quality assurance.
In the case of structural subassemblies, verification usually is confined to load testing, alignment and assurance of dimensions and tolerances, and electrical conformity checks for installed cabling.
