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The same holds true of verbal testimony.
Knowledge derived from verbal testimony is viewed as noninferential.
True knowledge is either perception, inference, or knowledge derived from verbal testimony or comparison.
Like Kumarila, they accepted six ways of knowing: perception, inference, verbal testimony, comparison, nonperception, and postulation.
The Samkhya-karika delineates three ways of knowing (pramana): perception, inference, and verbal testimony.
Four means of valid knowledge are admitted: perception, inference, comparison, and verbal testimony.
Similar(32)
To say that there are inconsistencies between that re-enactment and Zimmerman's verbal and written testimony elsewhere is to be charitable.
The newspaper concluded, on the basis of Mr Vanunu's verbal and photographic testimony and checking by independent experts, that Israel had between 100 to 200 atomic warheads and thus ranked as the world's sixth nuclear power.
The cognitive criteria whose various definitions are one by one examined are perception (pratyakṣa), inference (anumāna), presumption (arthāpatti), reasoning based on analogy (upamāna), negative proof based on absence (abhāva), equivalence (sambhāva), tradition (aitihya), and verbal or scriptural testimony (śabda, āgama).
(The points below are adapted from my written testimony and verbal exchanges at the hearing).
To prove his point, Bates cited a series of emails, financial documents and testimony about verbal conversations involving Aetna officials over the past several months.
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