It should be noted that such a verbal clarification becomes impractical when too many rating scales (e.g., 10-point format) are involved because the level of agreement becomes too fine to be easily expressed in words [36].
For this latter group, when asked for verbal clarification as to what species was being served, 20 were said to be bluefin (with no indication as to which species), 17 as bigeye tuna, 4 as yellowfin tuna, 1 as dorado (Coryphaena hippurus), 3 as "tuna" (ambiguous but correct by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration standards), 3 as "red tuna," 2 as "white tuna," and 1 as "mackerel tuna".
They believed that the feedback would have had more impact with this verbal clarification.
Although a few participants needed verbal clarification, most participants indicated little difficulty recalling and indicating their experiences 'before' and 'now.' Overall, cognitive interviews suggest that the retrospective pre-test format helped minimize response shift bias.
Third, as was already stated, students indicated that they sometimes wondered why they were rated below the mean on a certain item and they expressed the desire to receive some verbal clarification from their peers on their feedback.
In accordance with the Institutional Review Board (IRB) at the University of San Francisco (USF), San Francisco, California United States of Americacandnd the American Psychological Association's ethical principles, participants were informed in written form and provided with verbal clarification, as needed, of the study's details.
Verbal explanation and clarification was provided to them wherever required.
I also provided verbal explanation and clarification prior to the interviews, and obtained written consent from each of the participants.
During the TM assessment, verbal instructions and any clarification were also given; however, the researcher participant interaction was limited due to distance.
They also completed the values clarification exercise and provided verbal feedback to the RA about the process and the content.
(Interview 5) Although not all biobank protocols specifically require personal verbal explanation by biobank employees, in all four cases oral clarification or description of the biobank was given.
