Exact(5)
The section on pulmonary effects of mechanical ventilation includes a clear discussion of barotrauma and volutrauma, of ventilator-associated pneumonia, of oxygen toxicity, and of complications of the artificial airway.
The Beacon Caresystem (Mermaid Care, Nørresundby, Denmark) for advising on mechanical ventilation includes indirect calorimetry designed for use in the full FiO2 range, but has not been compared to other calorimeters.
Noninvasive mechanical ventilation includes various techniques of increasing alveolar ventilation without an endotracheal airway.
The clinical application of noninvasive ventilation includes the use of continuous positive airways pressure (CPAP) alone, referred as 'mask CPand, and the use of intermittent positive pressure ventilation, with or without CPAP, referred as 'noninvasive (intermittent) positive pressure ventilation' [ 71].
18 Ventilator-free days: defined as the number of days from randomisation (day 1) to day 28 on which a patient breathed without mechanical ventilation (includes non-invasive ventilation) if the period of unassisted breathing lasted at least 48 consecutive hours.
Similar(55)
Some chapters are dedicated to adjuncts of mechanical ventilation, including both general and custom adjuncts used in mechanically ventilated patients.
Reasons for difficult ventilation include difficult mask fit, obesity, obstruction, age over 65, "no teeth" and "stiff lungs".
The effects of HFNC on ventilation include a reduction of the respiratory rate [1] and minute ventilation [7] plus an improvement in thoraco-abdominal synchrony [8].
The "lethal ventilation" included pigs that died before the scheduled 54 h of the experiment because of gross pneumothorax or lung edema so severe as to prevent survival.
Future studies are therefore needed before considering esophageal pressure and transpulmonary pressure for management of mechanical ventilation (including PEEP titration) in critically ill children.
There is a need for a bedside functional residual capacity (FRC) measurement method that performs well in intensive care patients during many modes of ventilation including controlled, assisted, spontaneous, and mixed.
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