Participants who reported venison consumption reported that they ate it prepared in different ways, most commonly as chili and steak.
They include: venison consumption, deer butchering, sustaining wounds while butchering, not wearing gloves while butchering, handling raw meat, eating raw meat, eating chops, eating tongue, cooking, not wearing gloves while cooking, and sustaining injuries while cooking.
These latter values would appear attainable with the repeated consumption of venison possible among deer hunting families, especially those incurring additional exposure from other sources.
We interpret the absorption of lead into the bloodstream of all four test pigs as clear evidence of the bioavailability of lead from ingested bullet fragments (Fig. 2), and we infer that human consumption of venison processed under prevailing standards of commerce results in increased blood lead concentrations.
Indirect transmission occurs via vectors, i.e. mosquitos, by contamination of the environment through faecal shedding [ 2] or by consumption of venison [ 3].
Feast attendees were exposed to the contaminated meat through a variety of activities, including butchering and processing, cooking, consumption of venison, and/or through contact with contaminated surfaces.
This also raises an ecological concern for potential cross-species transmission to other sympatric mammals (Jennelle et al. 2009) and public health concern for the undetermined risk of human exposure to CWD through consumption of venison (Belay et al. 2004; Kong et al. 2005).
Second, although the most likely means of human exposure to CWD prions is consumption of contaminated venison (3 ), the substantial market for velvet in traditional Asian medicine also warrants concern.
Other behavioral characteristics including cats at home, cleaning cat excrement, traveling, consumption of pork, beef, venison, lamb, or meat from goat, chicken, turkey, pigeon, or squirrel, frequency of meat consumption, consumption of dried or processed meat, drinking unpasteurized milk or untreated water, consumption of unwashed raw fruits, and contact with soil had P values > 0.10.
Use ground venison alongside other meats.
Use only venison that has been field-dressed correctly.
