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In other situations, the reinforced concrete girders or barriers may also be subjected to low velocity vehicles' collision (Batarlar 2013).
For the default selection of CWmin, we find that the data transferred for fast and medium velocity vehicles are very less compared to that of the slow vehicle.
To find the optimal CWmin for slow and medium velocity vehicles, we keep WF,minfixed (16 or 32) and increase WS,minand WM,min.
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The state variables are the angular wheel velocity, vehicle velocity and the longitudinal tire force.
A comprehensive parametric study is conducted by varying the vehicle velocity, vehicle mass, axial static loading, vehicle stiffness and CFRP bond length to observe the effects of these parameters on the structural responses of bare and wrapped columns.
When the standard deviation of vehicle speed increases, the mean residence time of slow velocity vehicle, E[T1,S] increases slightly.
Accordingly, the data transfer of a higher velocity vehicle gets degraded significantly, as compared to that of the vehicle with lower velocity, resulting in unfairness among them.
However, when σ v S increases, the ratio z F / z S slightly deviates from unity; owing to the moderate change in optimal CWmin arising out of variability of slow velocity vehicle.
Principal impact is related to dynamic interactions of many components such as kinetic forces, speed, distance, velocity, vehicle crashworthiness, objects impacted (fixed vs moving), and maneuvers executed.
With the increasing velocity of vehicles and the fact that the vehicles must fly even in rainy conditions, environmental problems such as rain erosion become more important.
In the mobility model adopted in our work, both the velocity of vehicles and the distance between two adjacent vehicles are known in priori.
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