Exact(4)
The first stage occurred between 8500 and 6300 14C yr B.P. when the local vegetation shifted from a herb and graminoid tundra to Betula shrub tundra, and finally to spruce forest tundra following the regional deglaciation.
The 30‰ trend in δDwax values towards more positive values can best be explained by smaller fractionations as the vegetation shifted from forest to tundra, with greater water stress.
A greater effect size of the vegetation shifted the optimum away from the edge, and enhanced survival across a greater range (Fig. 3G I).
Upland vegetation shifted to a Pistacia-deciduous oak semi-arid grassland as low temperatures and aridity ameliorated [ 55], while winter-dominated precipitation after 10.000 BP is also suggested by low δO values observed at Lake Mirabad [ 73].
Similar(56)
In the Mediterranean, non-serotinous pinewoods are suffering an increasing occurrence of high-severity crown fires that usually drive vegetation shifts to fire-adapted communities and a decrease in pine-dominated area.
The vegetation shifts abruptly towards dry spiny bush in their western rain shadow.
For a longer time span, such as 100 years, vegetation shifting may be necessarily taken into account.
When exposed to predatory risk, prey species extend the time they spend in burrows or among boulders and dense vegetation, shifting their activity to more secure spaces [ 34, 59, 61, 62].
Such variability is a major challenge for sustaining production while avoiding undesirable vegetation shifts.
So, fostering local species diversity could facilitate the overarching management goal of maintaining plant production while avoiding large vegetation shifts.
In northeast Siberia, vegetation shifts from shrub tundra to larch forest attest to multiple climatic variations in southern areas.
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