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We present the results from large measurement campaigns on attenuation due to vegetation, performed at radar UHF and microwave frequencies; then we use them to evaluate the reduction in the radar performance when trying to detect a target protected by a vegetation cover.
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The revised CASA model with pure-pixel interpolated vegetation index performed well at tower sites where vegetation was not manipulated or managed and had not been recently disturbed.
The field measurements of wave attenuation by vegetation were performed on two salt marshes with two representative but contrasting coastal wetland vegetation types: cordgrass (Spartina anglica) and grassweed (Scirpus maritimus).
In it, offline modelling of individual items of vegetation is performed using the MAESPA process-based tree model (Duursma and Medlyn, 2012) (a model that can model individual trees, vegetation, and soil components), and integrated into the TUF-3D (Krayenhoff and Voogt, 2007) urban micro-climate surface energy balance (SEB) model.
Surveys of vegetation were performed for 6 years.
A merging of a conceptual hydrological model with two vegetation models is performed to improve the ability to simultaneously predict catchment scale streamflow and vegetation dynamics (represented by the Leaf Area Index, LAI).
Therefore, the assessment of the complex spatial temporal dynamics of natural vegetation has been performed by using NDVI and NDII.
Four types of vegetation management were performed: mechanical (field cultivator and rototiller) and chemical (glyphosate and fluazifop-p-butyl).
We performed vegetation sampling of the two forest types in sites of central Italy with similar conditions.
Vegetation surveys were performed by the quadrat method in the 3 years following treatments and by the line interception method in the 7th and 8th years.
The authors found that models inputted with infrastructure, vegetation management, ProxPix, performed up to 5 13% better than simpler models depending on model evaluation criteria and input data; and that the model forced with utility infrastructure and ProxPix had the best overall performance.
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