The suggested modelling method can be useful for evaluating the noise reduction in street canyons by vegetation considering realistic features such as the absorption, scattering, and diffraction associated with the materials and sound sources according to the shape of the vegetation.
The four vegetation indices considered are the Red Edge Normalized Difference Vegetation Index 705 (NDVI705), Modified Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index 2 (MSAVI2), Ratio Vegetation Index (RVI) and Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI).
The concepts of indigenous and spontaneous vegetation are considered as subsets of the broader category, semi-natural vegetation.
Vegetation was considered growing on different locations of a slope, as shown in Fig. 2.
Perennial vegetation is considered as a best management practice to reduce sediment and nutrient loss from hillslope farming.
IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing], in which the vegetation is considered as a turbid medium.
This paper overviews the roles of revegetation programme that can be used where vegetation is considered to be the long-term answer to slope protection and erosion control.
The Munessa-Shashemene forest, a conspicuous remnant of the once dense dry tropical Afromontane vegetation, is considered as remnant forest for this study as well.
IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 36, 214 225], in which the vegetation is considered as an opaque medium, and three are based on radiative transfer models, developed by François et al. [C. François, C. Ottlé, & L. Prévot (1997).
The conservation of these areas and associated vegetation was considered desirable.
