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At each point along the trajectory the tangent vector to the curve (the velocity vector) and the vector perpendicular to it (the acceleration vector) span a plane (known as the osculating plane [ 22]).
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The projections are obtained in a manner similar to Equation 28 but with a single vector spanning across the entire frame.
This shows that every vector spanned by ∂ φ σ 2 Δ 1 t and ∂ φ Δ 2 s is a tangent vector of the curve Γ on S at P. □.
This shows that every vector spanned by ∂ φ Δ 1 t and ∂ φ σ 1 Δ 2 s is a tangent vector of the curve Γ on S at P. ii.
The model reduces to a finite-volume formulation for the balance equations expressing the evolution in time and space of the interface measure, where its local growth rate within chaotic regions is controlled by the average 〈D x,t):eu x,t eu x,t)〉, D x,t) being the deformation tensor and eu x,t) the unit vector spanning the unstable invariant subspace at the point x.
The general protocol is to take two geometries and submit them to a coordinate-point eigenshape (CPES) analysis, to generate a vector spanning the two shapes.
The in-plane separations, δ1 and δ2, as well as the out-of-plane separation, δ3, are evaluated by calculating the separation vector spanned by the midpoints of the lower and upper sides of the deformed cohesive element.
It is well known that any vector pair spanned a plane section in (S TM)) are related by a general linear group (operatorname{GL}(2,mathbb{R})).
For instance, if is an isotropic map, the vectors, span an isotropic subspace.
In PCA, the data ({boldsymbol {x}_{i}}_{i=1}^{N}) is used to discover the matrix D whose column vectors span the space of the data (up to noise) and w i are the transformed representations of x i.
The positions of the wire end points on the frame ({^{ B}}{varvec{ p}}_{ {Ai}{j}}) need to be chosen so that the wire vectors span the motion direction of the top plate.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com