In the stage of non-synchronized frames enhancement, each frame has been divided into blocks with same size; each block has the same three steps, namely, motion estimation, motion vector refinement, and motion compensation.
It should be noted that RMC includes the number of bits to code the motion vector difference, the difference between the actual motion vector (mv) and motion vector predictor and the reference frame index.
Spearman rank correlation was used to determine the relationship between the 3D shift vector of tumor motion and interfractional tumor centroid position.
This matching criterion is exploited in suspicious vector detection, motion vector refinement and smoothing, and optimal motion compensation mode selection in the proposed SI generation pipeline.
Note that the H.264 standard acknowledges the penalty of extra bits used by the motion vectors by imposing rate-distortion optimisation in motion search to keep the length of the motion vector smaller and disallowing B-frames which require two motion vectors, in the Baseline profile used widely in video conferencing and mobile applications.
The proposed techniques include the hierarchical fast motion resampling (HFMR) with accuracy motion resampling, the fast refinement for nonintegral (FRNI) motion vector (MV), and the dynamic regulating search (DRS) with low-complexity motion vector refinement.
In order to avoid the transmission of motion and disparity vectors with an unnecessary accuracy, full-sample accurate motion and disparity vectors are used for coding the depth map.
Then, an iterative search algorithm is run to find the optimal motion and disparity vectors.
Both motion and noise vectors contain an element of noise which comes with random phase.
Furthermore, enhanced temporal frame interpolation is applied, including motion vector refinement and smoothing to re-estimate and filter the motion vectors, and optimal compensation mode selection to select the mode with minimum matching distortion.
