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c, d The dynamics of the states vector estimated in the controller, under the same scenarios.
v i is the input speed vector estimated by the lever input.
Under the minimum mean square error (MMSE) criterion, the forward filtered channel vector estimated at instant is obtained by marginalizing out the ISI state variable (42).
Thus, the parameter vector estimated by applying the weight vector to the matched filtering the received signal in all subarrays, and hence, the true target location can be discriminated from other unwanted signals in the peak of the beamforming output.
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Each incident source's coarse direction of arrival (DOA) estimation is then obtained through the Poynting vector estimates (using a vector cross-product estimator).
This figure shows that the first arrival timing estimation error bound improves as the number of channel vector estimates K increases.
bias (b dcv ) estimates the bias term of the regression vector estimates whereas var (b dcv ) reflects random influences and estimates the variance of the regression vector estimates.
The observed signal is a set of K channel vector estimates collected over a set of N s sensors.
Furthermore, we provide asymptotic expressions for the general case, suitable for high levels of SNR and a large number of channel vector estimates [35, 36].
We consider as the true parameter values the average between two parameter vector estimates obtained for the cigarettes data when two different starting points where chosen.
The number of channel vector estimates K has been set to 50, the delay spread to 5 T c, and the roll-off factor to one.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com