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When the coordinate system is changed, the components of the vector change according to a mathematical law of transformation deducible from the parallelogram law.
Denote Eq. (4) where input vector change Δu and parameter vector change Δα causes the state vector change Δx as follows: {varvec{g}}({varvec{x}}_{0} + Delta {varvec{x}},{varvec{u}}_{0} + Delta {varvec{u}},{varvec{upalpha}}_{0} + Delta {varvec{upalpha}},t) = {varvec{0}}.
Based on Eq. (12) which is derived by MSA, the approximate result of the output vector change ∆Y caused by the parameter vector change (Delta {varvec{upalpha}}) and input vector change Δu can be obtained after the PSM Sα and ISM Su are taken into Eq. (12).
Then, the output vector change can be expressed as follows: {{Delta }}{varvec{Y}} = -, {varvec{S}}_{{{alpha }}}^{Y} cdot Delta {varvec{upalpha}}.
Denote the system output vector change as follows: {{Delta }}{varvec{Y}} = {varvec{C}} cdot Delta {varvec{x}} + {varvec{D}} = {varvec{C}} cdot ( - {varvec{S}}_{text{u}} cdot Delta {varvec{u}} - {varvec{S}}_{{{alpha }}} cdot Delta {varvec{upalpha}}) + {varvec{D}}.
The probability of the success vector change from to after the th attempt, given that the th attempt failed for at least one of recipients which were current ACK-leaders, is (28).
Similar(52)
In this way, by changing the orientation of the magnets, the resultant magnetic vector changes and the tip of the guidewire aligns itself in the direction of the newly applied vector.
As the point moves, the position vector changes in both magnitude and direction, and the velocity of the point is defined in terms of these changes.
When the mean arrival rate vector changes, the transmit rate vectors distribution adapts to the change.
That is, the slip vector changes from 〈111〉 to 〈100〉 as the plastic strain increases.
Now that there's enough data, we're looking for stories in that data – trends, vector changes and accelerations, anomalies, that kind of thing," said Fruhlinger.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com