This industrial strategy has resulted in the formation of vast monopolies on a nearly Soviet scale.
In the longer term, Mr Nemtsov has to find ways of linking pensions to contributions, of drastically cutting housing subsidies, and of breaking up Russia's remaining vast monopolies (especially in energy) and ending their special tax favours.
This system includes vast monopolies awarded to their allies -- the bazaar merchants, clerics and children of the clergy -- as well as Islamic charities that serve as front organizations for huge business conglomerates that pay no taxes and import everything from cigarettes to cars, duty-free.
In other words, Brand's philosophy helped create the climate in which Facebook, Google, and Twitter could become the vast monopolies that they are today — a climate in which dubious political ads on these platforms, and their casual attitudes toward sharing user data, could pass mostly unnoticed.
They undeniably drove industrialization and modernization of the country and built vast monopolies through predatory business practices.
Innis wrote, The overwhelming pressure of mechanization evident in the newspaper and the magazine, has led to the creation of vast monopolies of communication.
The rest, denied equal shares of their vast television monopoly, struggle to stay afloat.
As a director of Gazprom, Russia's vast gas monopoly, he attacked the practice of issuing two classes of shares, one for domestic investors and one for foreigners.
Mr Fedorov is now with brio setting about collecting taxes and seizing assets from Gazprom, the vast gas monopoly (Russia's biggest company) that is invariably loth to pay its dues.
However the global trade in credit and finance became one vast private sector monopoly where all market tiers were abolished in favour of a single homogenous conduit down which all credit and capital flowed.
