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These results may explain how the RNA polymerase is able to find the promoter in biologically relevant times out of a vast excess of non-target sites.
Template amplification was exclusively observed with intended targets and it was not compromised by a vast excess of non-target DNA (i.e. DNA from human and human fecal origin, respectively).
In contrast, the very high QY for the photocatalysed reduction of DCIP is due to the presence of a vast excess of glycerol which traps the photogenerated holes efficiently and so allow time for the slower reduction of dye to take place.
It is also very difficult to determine (Miguel and Barbas 2003) small amounts of degradation products in a vast excess of parent drug and even more so when the compounds do not present a chromophore as this makes their detection more difficult.
This data suggests that, at least, part of the vast excess of phosphorylated molecules (about 11000) that constitute the "transcriptional noise" could be also arrested non-active competent RNA pol II molecules [49].
From the values cited above it is clear that a PCR reaction with the typical one Unit of Taq polymerase starts with a vast excess of polymerase molecules compared to DNA template.
Similar(16)
Nuclear power plants and big hydroelectric dams are far safer from the get-go they don't have to fly, so they can be encased in vast excesses of concrete, and indeed they are.
Mice with targeted deletion of CASP3 die perinatally due to vast excesses of cells deposition in their CNS as a result of decreased apoptotic activity [120].
We manually removed a few words from our name list if they gave vast excesses of over-scrubbing as compared to valid identifier removal.
The severe structural malformations of the head and brain of knockout mice lacking caspase-9 or caspase-3 provide experimental evidence that these caspases evolved at least in part to eliminate the vast excess number of neurons produced during development.
Blocking experiments performed with the addition of a vast excess (>500-fold) of unlabeled trastuzumab showed virtually no radioactive antibody binding and thus demonstrated the specificity of the Cu-DOTA- and Zr-DFO-T/N-trastuzumab.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com