Less obvious sources of pollution include synthetic furnishings, cleaning products, and materials such as chipboard, varnish, glues, paints and vinyl flooring.
Later there was a flood, a close call with a bomb during World War II and a series of botched restorations in which the painting was slathered with various substances, including waxes, varnishes, glues, shellacs, resins, alcohol and solvents in an attempt to save it.
The results highlighted the possibility to get information about ancient materials as varnishes, glues, painted decorations and dyes used to color the inlays.
This can be done by first painting the object with clear varnish or glue and then sprinkling the glitter/fake snow on top of the wet glue.
They used a technique that targets the collagen in bone, avoiding contaminants such as varnish and glue that were applied many years ago to strengthen the specimens.
To reflect these qualities, Dubuffet often used crude ideographic images incised into a rough impasto surface made up of such materials as tar, gravel, cinders, ashes, and sand bound with varnish and glue.
Layers of varnish and glue had been applied to many areas.
Extractives impart durability to wood, confer colour and odour, and affect painting, varnishing, and glue adhesion.
Flame treatments on polymeric materials improve surface free energy (SFE) and consequently the wettability and adhesion of coatings, metallizations, varnish and glues.
To individuate and characterize the varnishes, the glue and the possible restored area (ante 1943), investigations by UV fluorescence technique have been carried out.
At first, UV fluorescence examination and reflectographic analysis have been performed on the different fragments in order to characterize, respectively, the distribution of varnishes and glues on the surface and to select the areas treated with metal-gall inks that result transparent by long wave IR reflectographic technique.
