Sentence examples for various reference genes from inspiring English sources

Experimentally altering the physiological state of the fish differentially affected expression of the various reference genes depending on experimental design and tissue type, with 18S unaffected by the experimental treatment in all tissues examined.

We evaluated 69 articles that had used various reference genes, and found that beta-actin (ACTB; 25 times; 36%), glyceraldehydes-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH; 19 times; 28%), 18S-r RNA (18S; 12 times; 17%), TATA box binding protein (TBP; 5 times; 7%) and Hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl-transferase I (HPRT1; 4 times; 6%) and ribosomal protein L 13a (RPL13A; 4 times; 6%) were commonly used (Table 1).

The use of pooled information from various endogenous reference genes appeared to stabilize the non-melanocytic Log2 ratios gp100 / endogenous reference.

This is possibly due to imbalanced density of various endogenous reference genes in different samples with predominant effects of some over others.

One may argue that, in spite of the extreme variability in normalization power demonstrated by various endogenous reference genes, still significant differences could extracted between the melanocytic and non-melanocytic samples no matter what endogenous reference genes were used.

A better differentiation between positive and negative lesions could be obtained when the various endogenous reference genes were used for the analysis or the combined values from all of them.

To test the usefulness of various endogenous reference gene we resorted to the well characterized expression of the melanocytic lineage-specific gene gp100/Pmel17 [ 31] that is expressed exclusively though heterogeneously in cells of melanocytic lineage [ 35, 36].

Use of the oligonucleotide primers listed in Additional file 15 resulted in approximately equal efficiencies of amplification for the various target and reference genes.

Comparison of the stability of various housekeeping genes as reference genes for normalization of RT-qPCR data and CLIC1 under various experimental conditions.

For the purpose, we performed RT-qPCR for 10 commonly used reference genes from various functional classes and then determined their expression level in MSC from goats intramammary challenged with Staphylococcus aureus and in MSC from healthy controls, with a view to select genes whose stability would be unaffected under infection conditions.

Thus, in the publicly available data sets, each of which lack addressing one or more of these variables, we focused on the four gene families i.e. glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), actin, ubiquitin and cyclophilin, that have been recurrently used as reference genes in various organisms.