Various manufacturing processes are used to produce functionally graded materials that include: powder metallurgy, physical vapour deposition, chemical vapour deposition process and laser metal deposition process.
Various pretreatment processes are used in industries such as steam explosion and chemical pretreatments employing alkali and acids which significantly alters the structure of lignin (Alvira et al. 2010).
Organic synthesis under hydrothermal conditions is theoretically possible and various established industrial processes are used to synthesize organic compounds from inorganic substrates with the aid of catalysts.
Nowadays, various imitations of natural processes are used to solve challenging optimization problems faster and more accurately.
Various physical and chemical pretreatment processes are used to minimize the effect of lignin, but enzymatic approaches such as lignin oxidization or delignification either singly or in combination with other pretreatment methods are considered as they are eco-friendly and economically feasible process (Kudanga and Le Roes-Hill 2014).
Advanced oxidation process (AOP) is a new technology used to treat industrial wastewater containing high concentrations of refractory compounds based on generation of very reactive groups, particularly hydroxyl radicals, these processes are used to degrade various organic compounds (Andreozzi et al. 1999).
For this analysis, phylogenetic footprinting results from all OXPHOS subunits as well as other randomly selected mitochondrial genes participating in various metabolic processes were used.
Various ozone-based processes were used in this study to treat simulated wastewaters prepared from black liquor from a hardwood Kraft pulp mill in Taiwan.
Based on a person's residential address at time of cancer diagnosis, or at time of death due to cancer, various geo-coding software and processes were used to ascertain the geographic location of each case or death expressed as latitude and longitude coordinates, using the GDA94 projection.
Based on a person's residential address at time of cancer diagnosis, or at time of death due to cancer, various geo-coding software and processes were used to determine which collector district the case or death should be attributed to.
