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The shoulder joint is characterized by complex stabilizing mechanisms (static and dynamic), additional physiologic anatomic variants (e.g., sublabral foramen, Buford complex, and meniscoid labrum), and various pathologic presentations, which results in challenging imaging and even arthroscopic interpretation.
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The ligamentum flavum may undergo various pathologic changes, including hypertrophy, calcification, ossification, and cyst formation.
Histamine assumes an important role as a major mediator in various pathologic disorders associated with inflammation and immune reactions.
Cell-based approaches using tissue engineering and regenerative medicine techniques have offered new therapeutic opportunities for various pathologic conditions.
Cartilage lesions are not unusual, even in young patients [1], and are often found during arthroscopic procedures performed when such patients have various pathologic conditions [2, 3, 4].
Stratified analysis (the Mantel-Haenszel technique) was used to control for possible confounders such as low birth weight, pathologic presentations, failed induction, nonprogressive labor, and nonreassuring fetal heart rate tracings.
Objectives: Improper balance between the production of reactive oxygen metabolites (ROMs), and antioxidative defense system have been defined as oxidative stress in various pathologic conditions.
Various pathologic processes may lead to clinically significant opacification or discoloration of the optic component of intraocular lenses (IOLs) manufactured from different biomaterials and in different designs.
Changes in glycans have been detected and implicated in various pathologic conditions [23], [26].
In a pathology fellowship training program, where visual microscopic skills are paramount, learning modules for various pathologic diseases are created.
The conversion rate per minute shows the test may rapidly and reliably detect pulmonary tuberculosis associated with a variety of pathologic presentations.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com