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Tight junctions can be altered by various pathogens, as well as by their toxins.
His work focuses on genetic and genomic analysis of mosquito vector competence to various pathogens as well as on development and application of molecular tools to investigate population biology of mosquitoes.
These two phenotypes are not rigid and there may in fact exist a "spectrum" of macrophage activation, involving macrophages with different metabolic and inflammatory signatures, and with different roles in host defense against various pathogens, as well as in wound healing and the resolution of inflammation.
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Infectious diseases are caused by various pathogens, including as-yet unidentified microorganisms.
The panel of pathogens tested included various wilting disease pathogens as well as Botrytis, as a grapevine pathogen.
Conifers, like other long-lived sessile plants, require responsiveness and plasticity to defend themselves against various herbivores and pathogens, as well as abiotic stresses (e.g. temperature and drought).
The strong capability of HOCl generation can be viewed as an important first step toward creating self-sustainable microbial decontamination coatings to be used against various pathogens such as bacteria and spores.
Fayer and Trout ([2005]) summarized the transport of various pathogens, such as Giardia, Toxoplasma, and Cryptosporidium (zoonotic parasites) in the coastal environment.
For example, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) display diverse modes of inhibitory action against various pathogens such as fungi and bacterial species (Yamanaka et∼al. 2005; Lamsal et∼al. 2011).
Several other studies have confirmed the antibacterial activity of eugenol against various pathogens such as E. coli, B. cereus, Helicobacter pylori, S. aureus, S. epidermidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae and S. pyogenes amongst numerous others [17, 18].
TLR2 recognizes a wide range of PAMPs derived from various pathogens such as bacteria, fungi, parasites and viruses.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com