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In vitro studies with various epithelial cell types have shown that transition metals can activate signalling pathways and stimulate release of pro-inflammatory molecules.
The various epithelial cell types express specific keratin heteropolymers.
hBD-2, hBD-3 and hBD-4 can be induced by cytokines and bacterial lipopolysaccharides in various epithelial cell types [25].
In order to study the wider functions of Dsg3 we cloned full length human Dsg3 and over-expressed this gene in various epithelial cell lines, including the A431 epidermoid line.
To determine possible additional roles of Dsg3 during epithelial cell adhesion we used overexpression of full-length human Dsg3 cDNA, and RNAi-mediated knockdown of this molecule in various epithelial cell types.
Additionally, even the various epithelial cell markers that were tested demonstrated similar distribution.
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The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) is a cAMP-activated Cl– channel expressed in various epithelial cells, and is a pharmacological target for activators and inhibitors.
HAI-1 is co-expressed with St14 in various epithelial cells, and can suppress the proteolytic activity of St14 by forming stable inhibitor complexes with St14 (Kojima et al., 2008).
The toxicity of inhaled NPs is studied using the cell lines modeling different tissues of the respiratory system, e.g., A549 and C10 cells of pulmonary origin, alveolar macrophages (RAW 264.7), various epithelial cells and fibroblasts (BEAS-2B, NHBE, 16-HBE, SAEC), as well as human monocytes (THP-1) (Table 3).
Mucin secretion is closely regulated by cytosolic Ca2+ concentrations ([Ca2+]C) in various epithelial cells [17].
Finally, we monitored the presence of each gene in available datasets generated after p63 silencing in various epithelial cells [9], [11], [12], [32] [34].
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