Migraine is a complex disease and has been linked with various comorbidities, such as stroke and other vascular disease events.
In adults, risk factors include various comorbidities, such as diabetes mellitus, malignancies, alcoholism, use of immunosuppressive agents and steroids, chronic heart, lung, liver or renal diseases, HIV infection and injection drug use.
It can be acquired immediately when the patient is suspected of multiple myeloma to assess the patient's general condition objectively in the context of various comorbidities such as age, acute kidney injury, cardiovascular diseases, infectious condition, and malnutrition.
Moreover, overweight/obese children are at increased risk of developing obesity at adult age which, in turn, is associated with various comorbidities, such as type II diabetes, cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis and depression [ 8- 10].
Ideally, preclinical studies for stroke should use animal populations of mixed sex, advanced age and with various comorbidities, such as diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, hypertension or obesity, in order to model the human etiology more closely.
Conversely, patients in the pre-dialysis stage, despite not being dependent on the machine or dialysis, suffer from various comorbidities such as anemia, mood swings and social conditions that may interfere with treatment and their well-being, which, in turn, affect their quality of life.
