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The aim of the present study was to investigate whether residential proximity to traffic is associated with various birth and pregnancy outcomes in a large population-based cohort study.
We investigated the association between residential proximity to traffic and various birth and pregnancy outcomes in 7,339 pregnant women and their children participating in a population-based cohort study.
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Additionally, germ cells are closely related to various birth defects and germ cell tumors, including ovarian and testicular cancers.
The researchers categorized adduct levels as low, moderate, or high and considered several statistical models for various birth outcomes and numerous confounding factors.
The causes of death included infection, breathing problems, various birth defects and sudden infant death syndrome, or SIDS.
The rhetorical valuation of either 'natural' or medically managed birth as safer, more responsible, more maternal, etc. can function to enforce a set of social norms that are for the most part cut free from scientific evidence about the medical soundness of various birth decisions and paths (Kukla 2008, Lyerly 2006).
In the retrospective Cambridge Wellbeing study, associations were identified between various birth outcomes and maternal glucose levels within the normal nondiabetic range (glucose level ≤7.8 mmol/l 60 min after a 50-g glucose load) (Table 1).
In addition, recent studies found no association between swimming and excess risk of various birth outcomes (Klotz and Pyrch 1999; Nieuwenhuijsen et al. 2002; Waller et al. 1998), even though the potential for THM exposure and uptake during swimming may be high (Chu and Nieuwenhuijsen 2002; Whitaker et al. 2003a).
This hypothesis is supported by epidemiological studies showing a strong association between breast cancer risk and various birth phenotypes such as birth weight, birth length, and gestational age as reviewed by Michels and Xue (Michels & Xue, 2006).
However, some reports have suggested an association between exposure to nitrates in drinking water and spontaneous abortions, intrauterine growth restriction, and various birth defects.
The present study was conducted as a sub-study of the Danish part of the BIDENS-Study (acronym of Belgium, Iceland, Denmark, Estonia, Norway and Sweden), which was performed between 2008 and 2010 to investigate associations between negative life events and various birth outcomes among an unselected cohort of pregnant women.
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