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Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO) malformations comprise ∼14% of CHD and consist of anatomically varied defects with a wide spectrum of clinical severity, including bicuspid aortic valve (BAV), coarctation of the aorta (CoA), hypoplastic left heart (HLH) and interrupted aortic arch (IAA) type A. BAV is the most common form of LVOTO and of CHD (5).
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Most reports mention isolated tubular dysfunction in active lupus nephritis and, hence, the present study was designed to investigate varied functional defects in Indian patients with stable lupus nephritis.
Although the severity of the phenotype defects varied somewhat, two typical severe defect phenotypes, "half pupation" larvae and "abnormal eclosion" adults, were observed (Fig. 4B, C, H, I).
Mice lacking or carrying defective ADAM genes often display developmental abnormalities that vary from defects in adipogenesis and myogenesis [ 14] and mild dysfuctions in the central nervous system (CNS [ 15, 16], to more severe defects such as early embryonic and perinatal lethality [ 17- 19].
Qualitatively similar defects were detected in all samples, only the amount of defects varied depending on the catalyst structure and polymerization process used.
As lamellar macular defects were frequently asymmetrical and irregular, macular profiles of the lamellar defects varied depending on the orientation of the scan.
Residual defects were found immediately after complete shrinkage, although the type and magnitude of the defects varied from grain to grain.
The severity of the associated COX mosaic defect varied widely, with a more pronounced histochemical defect associated with autosomal-recessive RRM2B mutations than autosomal-dominant mutations (Fig. 1).
The rate of birth defects varied by gestational age categories, with the highest risk in the 29- to 32-week gestational age category (risk ratio = 3.37).
The healing of the defects varied intra-group wise at the first observation period.
The locations of defects varied from the 1st to 4th segment.
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