The amount of variation introduced to field data after applying unit-specific calibration factors was estimated to be only 1.1%and4.2%2%, when compared to the total amount of variation in HPA in children and adolescents, respectively.
The amount of variation introduced to or removed from field data when applying unit-specific calibration factors was estimated by dividing the variance of the delta instrument output between raw and calibrated field data by the total variation in field data.
According to Earp et al. [ 23], variation introduced to allele frequency estimates can be divided into four categories: (i) within array; (ii) between arrays; (iii) between independently constructed identical pools, and (iv) between pools constructed from different individuals of the same population (biological replicates).
Two new parameters corresponding to the moduli variations are introduced to complement the existing plane stress orthotropic model.
From the success of graphene growth on Ni or Cu by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) [1, 2], some variations were introduced to CVD to avoid the use of metallic catalysts [3 8].
This study suggests that O-antigen variation was introduced to the classical bordetellae via HGT through recombination.
In calculating the best fit flux values from experimental data, a small variation was introduced to reduce the number of variables and remove constraints.
Regulatory variation is introduced to the chromatin via alterations within the nucleosome itself - for example, through methylation and hydroxymethylation of DNA, various post-translational modifications (PTMs) of histones, and inclusion or exclusion of specific histone variants [ 9- 15] - as well as via changes in nucleosomal occupancy, mobility and organization [ 16, 17].
The use of RNA amplification methods warrants a thorough analysis and understanding of the variations introduced due to the methodology employed.
An ideal calibration standard should have the following characteristics: (1) mimicking the optical properties of biological tissue; (2) reproducing the spectral characteristics of wound pathophysiology; (3) long shelf-time without degradation or spectral fluctuation; and (4) minimal batch-to-batch variations introduced by the fabrication process.
For example, it does not allow the variations introduced during the reproductive process to be random.
