Computationally, face selectivity is much easier to achieve if it is not confounded by response variation to lower-order image components.
For the microarray experiments, we employed a pooling design in order to reduce biological variation, and to lower the costs associated with sample size and chip availability [ 47].
Therefore, any process variation, which leads to lower peak current values, is responsible for the lower lifetime of memristor-based RRAM.
Therefore, any threshold applied to filter out variant signal ratios will lead to disregard of some variant regions because their signal ratio is not changed enough (false negatives) and on the other hand detection of unchanged regions that show for some reason a variation to a lowered signal ratio (false positives).
Because the segments of DNA constituting the balanced polymorphism are held in the population by selection much longer than expected based on random drift, these segments have a higher effective population size (owing to lower variation in offspring numbers than random) and tend to accumulate mutational variation at nearby neutral sites.
For example, the luminance variation from the teeth to lower lips is different with that from the tongue to lower lips.
Although our study provides only information about one source of individual variation in BF of directional tuning, with larger females being tuned to lower frequencies, variation in tuning of AN1 may be caused by different proximate factors, which may contribute to the frequency mismatch of the two "matched filters".
Adaptive optics, now used on ground-based mirrors to counter thermal, gravitational, and atmospheric variations, could be used to lower both the cost and weight of a new space-based mirror and forge the way for future missions.
Thus, our male participants might generally have been motivated to lower F0 variation during mating competition.
Glantz (2012) argues however that efforts to lower practice variation are worthwhile, since they may help in reducing unnecessary interventions in obstetrics in the US.
