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Author's response: As Koonin helpfully notes, the concept of "mutation bias" (which merely implicates non-uniformity) is distinct from the idea of non-uniformities in variation that arise from programmed responses to conditions, and thus evoke the ideas of Lamarck.
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Murine models are usually inbred in order to reduce the phenotypic variation that arises from genetic heterogeneity.
Our estimator is based on the analysis of the novel haplotype variation that arises from neutral mutations on the sweeping adaptive haplotype.
For any mapping or causality experiment, we used the same HB101 culture to reduce the substantial variation that arises from bacteria grown in independent preparations.
We have investigated the pattern of haplotype variation that arises from mutations occurring during the early phase of a selective sweep on the sweeping haplotype.
It is important to use blood as control tissue measurements because it is necessary to subtract out mtDNA variation that arises from accumulation of damage over the lifespan, for example, due to aging.
The differences between the classification presented below and the classification presented in the article on protists (see protist: Classification) reflect the taxonomic variations that arise from individual interpretations.
Variations that arise from this interaction depend on the knowledge, skills, preferences, perceptions, attitudes and prejudices of both patient and health care provider [ 6].
This assay was used to compare two human sequences (CA25 and UP30) with Y21, demonstrating that it is sensitive to variations that arise from species-specific perturbations in the GPI-T signal sequence.
However, the inclusion of the two redox components uniquely addresses the shortcomings noted above, especially in relation to variations that arise from different DNA loading densities and nontarget-induced reagent degradation/dissociation.
In order to make direct comparisons in mortality, be it international, regional or unit level, it is essential there is detailed validation and standardisation to ensure we are comparing 'like with like', 3 distinguishing 'real' variation from 'artefacts' that arise from reporting and registration differences.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com