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Due to the increase of the vehicle speed and the presence of roughness, contact geometry perturbations induce a variation of forces in the vertical and tangential direction, and the torsional vibration of the wheelset axle may, therefore, be excited at high frequency.
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When prosody ceased to be based on quantity, the accent changed from variation of pitch to variation of force or emphasis.
To sum up, in this study, the elasticity properties of thin polymer films are characterized by in situ capturing the variation of force curves, which is more sensitive due to the high resolution of AFM tip.
In the non-rotating state the variation of force coefficients with Reynolds number and boundary layer separation points are within the range that is found for real soccer balls.
The standard deviation of force in the three directions and the agonist EMG amplitude increased with target force (p < .045), while the coefficient of variation of force and total excursions of the center of pressure showed maximal values at low target forces, reaching a plateau at moderate forces.
Figure 2 provides the coefficient of variation of force in highly skilled and sedentary participants within each angle (230, 210, 180, 150, and 130°) across 5 intensities (5, 10, 20, 50, and 75% of MVC).
The mechanisms involved in the modulation of force generation by ROS are not fully established, but published data indicate that the variation of force in response to shifts in the redox balance may be mediated by changes in myofibrillar calcium sensitivity (2) and/or a reduction in calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (1, 57).
Figure 9 shows that for either the aluminum or copper work piece, the variations of forces are independent on the thermostat layer, in spite of the minor difference in the force fluctuations.Figure 10 presents defect structures in single crystal aluminum (top row) and copper (bottom row) after nanometric cutting using MD models with and without thermostat layer.
The proposed pattern recognition method is promising for classification of MRCPs modulated by variations of force-related parameters.
The paper presents a novel pattern recognition approach for the classification of single-trial movement-related cortical potentials (MRCPs) generated by variations of force-related parameters during voluntary tasks.
Such an effect appears clearly related to a variation of interparticle forces with temperature, parallel to the thermal variation of gas properties.
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