Numerous studies have shown wide variation in reference intervals, even between laboratories using assays from the same manufacturer.
Even with best temperature performance trim-code, the absolute variation in reference voltage over 20 samples is 85 mV which is trimmed to ±11 mV (1.3%) using the proposed trimming methodology.
The points have been randomly displaced in the horizontal direction to increase visibility, but this should not be interpreted as a variation in reference volume.
Here we re-emphasize that what the GRACE TVG data see here is the Δu variation in reference to the time-mean current field, not the u field itself.
(2 where Cl-k,r is GLDF factor related to line between buses l and k caused by demand in bus r; F l-k 0 is transmission flow between buses l and k obtained in previous iteration; L j is total demand in bus j; C l-k,j is GLDF factor related to line between buses l and k caused by generation variation in reference bus.
1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e5 3.dxe5 Ng4 4.Bf4 This move sequence is called the "Rubinstein variation" in reference to the famous game Rubinstein Vidmar (Berlin 1918) when 4.Bf4 was first employed.
In contrast, normalizing Dusp10 and Dusp3 to β-actin resulted in an inaccurate gain or loss of significance, respectively, demonstrating that even small, less than 2-fold variation in reference gene expression can have a significant influence on statistical outcome.
Any variation in reference gene expression could in principle mask real positives as well as create false positives [ 2- 5].
However, a critical review of the literature shows a substantial variation in reference intervals for serum PRL.
Also in that study, classification of a sample differed from laboratory to laboratory due to variation in reference intervals, in spite of analytical results of the same magnitude for plasma creatinine in many samples.
In view of this information, the aim of our study is to determine how well the recent commercial genome-wide genotyping arrays capture genetic variation in reference HapMap populations and in one non-HapMap population.
