Qualitative analysis of the data showed variations in abuse locations between and within cases that seem likely to be connected to offenders' age and routine activities.
It argues further that different kinds of human rights measures (events, standards, surveys, and official statistics) and comparative methods (large-N, small-N, and single-country studies) offer systematic ways in which to map, to explain, and to understand the variation in human rights abuse around the world.
Rather the discussion focused on what was responsible for the variation in levels of abuse, and then on how the underlying risk factors could be tackled.
As a result, the variability of findings of abuse might reflect the spectrum of criteria for those determinations, rather than an underlying variation in the prevalence of abuse if all studies applied the same criteria for determining abusive fractures.
These maps had a legend that allowed readers or viewers to estimate the approximate levels of abuse in different areas of the country, but the most apparent aspect was the variation in the levels of abuse across the country.
As many genetic variants play various roles in depression and/or substance abuse, variation in CB2 gene, (Q63R) polymorphism may be a previously unknown risk factor in depression and/or alcoholism at least in the Japanese population.
Of course there may have been some small variation in the level of abuse presented in the two scenario sets that could have accounted for any small degrees of variation; however the scenario sets were generated to contain relatively similar types of scenarios.
This uncertainty regarding which children with femur fractures might have been abused may contribute to variation in care and missed opportunities to diagnose abuse in the pediatric population.
The between study variation that is seen may be due to factors such as the different age ranges of the children included in studies and the exact site of the fractures covered, but it may also be due to variation in the actual frequency of abuse.
The present experiment was designed to determine whether individual variation in neurobiological mechanisms associated with substance abuse risk moderated effects of a brief preventive intervention on social competency skills.
Importantly, the differences reported in this study may also reflect variation in the methodology and quality of abuse prevalence data in the five countries.
