Exact(3)
During the acquisition of the katG isoniazid resistance causing mutation all of these heterogeneous variants were lost from the population.
Whereas these tumor-specific mutations were conserved in the patient's lymph node- and liver metastases, the heterozygous sequence variants were lost in metastases derived cell lines (H-STS and L-STS), indicating a lack of selective pressure to maintain the mutations (probability of < 0.1% for the random loss of 10/10 mutations) during in vitro-cultivation.
It seems plausible, therefore, that during the original screening process the higher efficiency second-generation nitroTyr-RS variants were lost due to selection criteria that maintained unnecessarily stringent fidelity in the absence of nitroTyr, leaving behind only nitroTyr-RSs with strict fidelity but poor efficiency.
Similar(57)
In the absence of selection, cultural diversity reaches equilibrium when the rate that new variants are introduced via copying errors matches the rate at which unique variants are lost to drift.
The actual rate of cumulative culture change is less than μ because of "back innovations" and the fact that many variants are lost to the sampling effects associated with randomly choosing teachers within groups.
The other three models, M rr, M vv and M vr, respectively, represent cases where 1) there are no variants in both sample; 2) a germline mutation is present (in both samples); and 3) a form of loss of heterozygosity takes place, in which case a germline variant is lost in the tumor sample.
Alternatively, as we do not know the germline genotype of the DFTD founder devil, they could have been heterozygous germline variants that were lost in either of the two DFTD lineages.
At first glance the low SNP heritability estimate for Anhedonia subscale derived from the pruned data approach of 0.7 % stands in contrast to the previous two estimates, however it is plausible that some of the tagged casual variants, particularly those with low MAF, were lost in the pruning process which resulted in a decrease of the SNP heritability estimate noted here.
In Spn_2009, a truncated variant of this cluster was found: modifying and transport genes were lost including bacteriocin genes.
The phenomenon of reduced allelic variability, combined with extended LD, is expected to improve power for trait association at rare variants compared with populations with wider allelic diversity (noting that other rare variants will be lost).
However, the statistical approaches behind GWA studies lack capability in taking into account the possible interactions among genetic markers; and true disease variants may be lost in statistical noise due to high threshold.
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