From these data it will also be possible to estimate whether a liability threshold of common variants is sufficient to cause schizophrenia, and whether this can be applied to individual risk prediction.
One theoretical model suggests that mutation occurring in neutral gene variants is sufficient to block their fixation in large populations, leading to a large flux of transient novel sequences (Berg & Kurland, 2002).
With regard to the third criterion, some investigators have argued that in the context of a high-risk family, the difference in risk between carriers and noncarriers of clearly pathogenic CHEK2 sequence variants is sufficient to justify a difference in cancer surveillance strategies [ 68- 70].
Mammary epithelial cell-targeted overexpression of genetically engineered STAT5 variants is sufficient for initiation, promotion, and progression along a cancer pathway, resulting in mostly well-differentiated adeno-carcinomas, sometimes exhibiting a papillary architecture, and a low percentage of undifferentiated carcinomas [ 60, 66, 67].
Expression of this c-Abl variant was sufficient to completely abolish the effect of imatinib on the kinetics of DNA repair (Figure 3c).
Strikingly, expression of either ATG16L1 variant was sufficient to reconstitute autophagosome formation in the absence of endogenous ATG16L1 (Fig. 6).
Informally, the data for those variants was not sufficient to distinguish a posteriori between the variant being absent or present.
Even though many non-causal common SNPs are removed by considering only rare variants, it is unclear if consideration of fewer variants would be sufficient to compensate for the loss of association signal from common SNPs.
The most recent study also revealed that using the major variants alone is sufficient for phylogeny construction and species determination in most cases although intragenomic multiple variants are frequently found within each genome.
Power was sufficient to exclude variants with an odds ratio of 1.3 or greater, and thus the results argue against common genetic effects of this magnitude that are shared across different (and likely heterogeneous) forms of focal epilepsy in European populations.
