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Also, most of the tumour cell lines that we are working with now are clonal variants that evolved from the whole population of a tumour, and are not entirely representative of the original tumour.
While GL8 was markedly CRD2-dependent, resistant to anti-CD134 antibody and soluble CD134L (sCD134L) and sensitive to soluble CD134 (sCD134); variants that evolved in vivo were highly sensitive to anti-CD134 antibody, sensitive to sCD134L and resistant to sCD134 [ 23 ].
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A key advantage of integrating liquid biopsy-based omics and imaging is to harness the combined sensitivities and specificities of molecular imaging and next-generation sequencing techniques in order to facilitate early detection of the treatment-resistant variants that evolve as a mechanism of acquired resistance.
Relative to the putative ancestral virus, a WSSV variant that evolved in shrimp aquaculture is characterized by (i) causing higher host mortality, (ii) having a shorter host survival time, and (iii) having a higher within-host competitive fitness [8].
For C2c to succeed in turning cancer into chronic disease, we would need to clinically adopt an effective surveillance strategy, namely, non- or minimally invasive monitoring of patients for treatment-resistant tumor variants that evolve as a mechanism of acquired resistance, as diabetes is chronically managed by monitoring blood glucose levels.
Rainey and Travisano [ 5] observed non-transitive fitness interactions between three different variants of Pseudomonas fluorescens that evolved in cultures without physical shaking, which allowed gradients or other heterogeneities to develop.
The H5 genes of these viruses form a monophyletic group that evolved from a clade 2.3.4 H5N1 variant.
A shuffle-blues instrumental built around the sound of a furiously honking saxophone, it helped give impetus to the raucous variant of rhythm and blues that evolved into rock 'n' roll.
In contrast with H3.1, the variant H3.3 shows specific features that evolved independently between animals and plants.
The latter is clearly a neutralization escape variant that evolved in the first RM recipient of the parental infectious molecular clone.
These data demonstrate that persistent infection of multiple viral genotypes within a host organism is sufficient to drive the large-scale production of viral genetic variants that may evolve into new and emerging viruses.
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