With new variants frequently introduced into the research community, "tried and true" FPs that have been relied on for many years may now be due for upgrades to more modern variants.
Similarly, when cell extracts prepared from weak or strong [PSI+] variants are introduced into [psi−] cells, the resulting [PSI+] cells retain the original prion characteristics [53], [54].
The coding sequences of human eIF4E, pea eIF4ES and pea eIF4E mutant variants were introduced into the Trp-selectable E. coli-yeast shuttle vector YCpTRP-GW for constitutive expression under the TEF1 promoter.
The ALS-inducing variants were introduced into the pseudoWT C6A/C111S background to enhance reversibility of folding [46], and the monomeric proteins also contained the F50E/G51E mutations required to prevent dimerization [47], [48].
Our study provides a framework which should help to explore those future scenarios and judging risks and benefits if new RHDV variants were introduced into Australia.
Disease-causing variants were introduced into raw reads by a Bernoulli process, with an average 0.5 probability of introducing the lesion, to simulate the heterozygous genotypes carrier screening aims to detect.
Consequently, Lotka-Volterra population size fluctuations have the potential to stop the Red Queen - unless novel variants are introduced into the population and/or additional selective constraints maintain allelic diversity.
Two hypotheses could explain the sudden appearance of equine encephalitis on the Pacific coast of Mexico in 1993: 1) an equine-virulent VEEV variant was introduced into the region or 2) an enzootic variant circulating previously in the region became more virulent or began circulating at a higher level in 1993.
Therefore, these results indicate that we have successfully reproduced the original process by which a natural HpSVd variant naturally introduced into cultivated hops was able to mutate into the HpSVd variants that are currently present in commercial hops.
Most of those introductions seem to have resulted in dead end infections, with the exception of a genotype II variant probably introduced into Bolivia at 1973 955% HPD: 1942 1992) that was locally spread and remained circulating in this country until 2006.
