This inevitably leads to exclusion of some variants causing severe autosomal dominant disease.
As ETEC F4ab, F4ac and ETEC F18ac are three important ETEC variants causing severe diarrhoea in newborn and/or weaned pigs [ 20, 21], we paid special attention to their respective and common influences on IPEC-J2 cells.
Together, our report described the detailed investigation (clinically and experimentally) of this widespread outbreak of PRRS in China and identification of a new PRRSV variant, causing severe disease in pigs including the adults.
We previously identified rare functional coding variants that cause severe early-onset monogenic forms of obesity in American Indians.
Because the new variant does not cause severe clinical disease, including death, the novel virus is a potential vaccine candidate that could protect the US swine industry from the infection caused by the virulent strain of PEDV currently circulating in United States.
Five 16S rRNA gene variants of A. phagocytophilum have previously been identified to infect sheep in Norway, and one of these variants is known to cause severe clinical disease in domestic sheep (Variant 1) [ 5, 9].
Briefly, Class I included pathogenic variants previously known to cause RP, and Class II variants were expected to cause severe damage to protein structure via frameshift, nonsense, and missense variants, which were likely to cause severe functional change via Polyphen 2 [ 40], SIFT [ 41], and MutPred [ 42].
For example, the typical human is a carrier for three to five deleterious genetic variants or mutations that cause severe recessive diseases [ 17, 18].
Based on this intersection, we propose that, although strong or inactivating mutations (rare variants) in these genes may cause severe disease (PIDs), their more subtle modulation potentially by common regulatory/coding variants may contribute to chronic inflammation.
