3D-SPACE with variant FA mode image shows the narrow foramen of magendi and foramen magnum (arrow, C).
First, we design a time variant sliding mode control law for the convergence of the tracking error to zero.
Sagittal 3D-SPACE with variant FA mode (D) and PC-MRI (E, F) images demonstrate the narrowed aqueduct and decreased aqueductal CSF flow (arrows).
Open image in new window Fig. 8 Sagittal 3D-MPRAGE (A) and 3D-SPACE with variant FA mode (B) images of a 41-year-old male patient with aqueduct stenosis and a history of previous ETV.
The time-variant frequencies, mode shapes and responses to initial conditions are comprehensively investigated to reveal the dynamical essence of the system.
Because KEGG pathways are coarse and do not discriminate between pathway variants, both modes of analysis have limited metabolic resolution [ 9].
Recent studies have shown that 3D-SPACE with the variant flip angle mode (VFAM) technique alone is usually sufficient for the diagnosis of AS by itself [17] (Fig. 4).
The absence of hypointense signal from the third ventricle into the fourth ventricle (also called the flow void sign) from CSF on 3D-SPACE with variant flip-angle mode images indicates aqueduct stenosis.
Other advantages are that the technique is a flexible one allowing employment of different sequence types such as T1W, T2W, fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery (FLAIR), proton-density weighted or variant flip-angle mode T2W images.
All phones capable of installing iOS 7 get a variant of burst mode, in fact, which takes pictures in rapid succession, but not at the 10fps rate of the iPhone 5s, and without the auto selection feature that suggests which shot is best.
