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Both for simplicity and because of its use in practice (Parts et al. 2011; Turner and Miller 2012), we chose to base our analysis on the absolute allele frequency difference D = | p 1 − p 2 |, where p 1 and p 2 are the allele frequencies of the variant in populations 1 and 2, respectively.
At these SNP positions, by counting short sequencing reads containing the AS or AJ base variant in populations of the LGS parasites surviving 0 or 3 mg CQ kg-1 day-1 (88-fold mean coverage for both), we quantitated the proportions of AS and AJ alleles, and investigated (for each SNP) the statistical significance of the difference between the allele proportion after each of the two treatments.
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Set q i = 1 − p i to be the frequency of the other variant in population i.
The results therefore strongly suggest that FTO and MC4R might be the only two major-effect genes for obesity with common variants in populations of European ancestry.
We discuss the advantages and drawbacks of the two approaches and the implications of mapping regulatory variants in populations with greater genetic diversity.
As IBS has been traditionally used in genetics studies to identify variants in populations, it is thus novel to apply the idea in cancer samples, especially in this particular context of assessing matched normal-tumor pairs.
While our theoretical model of the evolution of alternative splicing is purely deterministic, genetic drift could also be involved in the segregation of splicing variants in populations, like any other molecular marker [56].
Our evolutionary model will however allow us to state the conditions for the maintenance of existing splicing variants in populations, and therefore the maintenance of alternative splicing per se.
All this, coupled with sexuality might drive quick fixation of new rDNA variants in populations.
Based on previous ethnobotanical and morphological studies, we (Figueredo et al. 2014) documented the morphological variation and differential use of variants in populations of A. inaequidens.
The molecular determinants of specificity and cross-reactivity define the nature of antigenic variation and the selective processes that shape the distribution of variants in populations [ 9].
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com