The primary aim of our study is to examine the HR response, and thus exercise intensity, variance in relation to race distance.
Under the assumption that inter-species or inter-populations morphological differentiation is a result of neutral evolutionary forces, there is a proportional increase of the between-species variance in relation to the within-species variance for each generation that separates the lineages from its last common ancestor [36] [37].
What is the likely effect size and its variance in relation to the primary outcome measure?
Concordance or the lack of it for the DUNDRUM-4 recovery scales accounted for most variance in relation to negative moves.
Between-group differences for sex and ethnicity were investigated using multivariate analysis of variance in relation to the higher-order domains.
Most methods for evaluating reliability of clinical performance assessments define reliability as the amount of relevant variance in relation to the amount of variance due to source(s) of 'noise' or error (Turnbull et al. 1998; Downing 2004).
Research has highlighted that ERI measures explain unique variance in relation to the macro- or contractual factors contributing to mental health outcomes, and that the effort dimension can be likened to job-related demands [ 38, 39].
It was found that variances existed in relation to the two universities incubation models which were found to result from both regional (macro environment) and organisational (meso environment) influences (i.e. university type).
Coefficient of variance (CV) was used to show the extent of variability in relation to mean of the population.
This study fixed different indicators in different models because in the process of parameter estimation, several models faced the issue of negative error variance, particularly in relation to disturbances for indicator variables (i.e., Heywood cases).
